Nestled in the heart of Crljivica, south of the Velika Crljivica archaeological site, lies a group of seven ancient wells that offer a fascinating glimpse into the past. These wells, believed to date back to the Roman era or earlier, are a testament to the area’s long-standing importance as a source of water in the arid karst landscape of inland Croatia.
Geographical and Historical Context
The Roman wells are located near the state road D60, between Cista Velika and Cista Provo, in a karst sinkhole that has served as a vital water source for centuries. The wells are situated in the vicinity of an ancient Roman road that once connected the significant Roman settlements of Salona, Tilurium, Novae, and Narona, highlighting the strategic importance of this location in antiquity.
A Medieval Legacy
Although the wells are thought to have been in use since Roman times, they are more prominently associated with the medieval period. The sinkhole containing these wells was crucial for the survival of local populations, providing a reliable source of drinking water and a place to water livestock. The wells were utilized until the late 20th century, after which they fell into disrepair. However, in 1990, a group of dedicated locals undertook the task of cleaning and restoring the wells, reinforcing the well walls with concrete to preserve them for future generations.
Archaeological Significance
These wells are not just remnants of a bygone era but are also part of the broader archaeological narrative of Crljivica. The surrounding area has yielded numerous artifacts, including a small stećak discovered during the cleaning of the wells. Local legends suggest that this site was once the location of a church buried under stones by fleeing locals during the Ottoman invasions. The wells themselves may have served as a critical resource for both the Romans and the medieval inhabitants, underlining their significance across different historical periods.
Cultural Heritage Protection
Recognized for their historical and cultural value, the Roman wells are part of the protected archaeological zone of Crljivica. The site is listed under the designation Z-3011 as a “cultural and historical entity,” safeguarded as part of Croatia’s rich heritage. These wells are also connected to the UNESCO World Heritage designation, shared among several countries in the region, acknowledging their contribution to the collective historical narrative of the Balkans.